Quran says: ‘And obey Allah and obey the Messenger’ (this explains the relationship between Quran and Hadis)

• Holy prophet being the messenger of Allah is the best interpreter of Quran.
• Prophet’s saying and action are second most important source of islamic law.
• Prophets teaching take form of
  • verbal teaching, things he told to his companions.
  • his actions that he performed, like the way he taught us how to do ablution and perform prayer, observe fast, perform pilgrimage prophet said: ‘pray as you see me offering prayers’. this is SUNNAH
  • teachings of Holy prophet thru letters to rulers and kings of conquered areas, these letters contained instructions regarding zakat, taxes etc
  • Silent approval by prophet of an action perfromed by someone else.

Difference between hadis Qudsi and hadis Nabwi

hadis Qudsi A hadis that is spoken by holy prophet but contains words from Allah is called hadis e Qudsi e.g ’Allah says: ‘Fasting is for me and I shall certainly compensate it’.

hadis Nabwi A hadis that is spoken by holy prophet containing his own words, is called hadis e nabwi or prophetic hadis.

Relationship between Quran and Sunnah.

1. the relationship is that Sunnah or Hadis of our Prophet always explain a verse of Quran or add something to its commandment. in this case its secondary to Quran.
2. Lay down new rules in places where Quran is silent. in this case, it will be the sole source of legislation.

Quran, deals with major issues and religious principles briefly, while hadis or sunnah contains its details.

in the Quran we are commanded to pay zakat and pray but there is no mention of how many raka’at to pray neither any percentage is given as to what amount has to be paid. these details were told by holy prophet pbuh.

Holy Quran commands us to be good with our neighbours here a number of propehts hadis further stress on this duty,

The Holy Quran itself commands that the Prophets teachings should be obeyed.

Quran says: ‘He who obeys the messenger obeys Allah’ (4:80)

Types of Hadis

1. ***Sahih hadis (authentic hadis) defining a sahih hadis

MATAN CHECKS***

1. the matan sahih hadis does never contradicts (goes against) the teaching of Quran.
2. it doesnt go against other accepted sahih ahadis
3. should not go against common sense and laws of nature
4. it should not accuse any family member of the holy prophet or his companions
5. it should not praise a particular person or a tribe
6. it should not report an event that wasnt reported by anyone else SANAD CHECKS
7. the sanad (chain of transmitters) must be full and unbroken
8. each narrator mentioned must be known for knowledge, piety, memory and trustworthiness
9. the narrators must have met each other and the chain must go back to holy prophet
10. the narrator should be of age where he can understand the importance of what theyve said and heard. A report of child and insane person cant be accepted
11. The narrator must be a muslim
12. Hasan Hadis (approved hadis) this hadis is similar to the sahih hadis except that qsome of its narrator have been found defective in memory in comparison with narrators of authentic ahadis
13. Zae’ef Hadis (weak hadis) a hadis is considered weak if its narrator was known to lie or have bad memory, or if he hadnt met the person he was narrating from.
14. Fabricated hadis when a saying or action is attributed to holy prophet which he pbuh hadnt said or done, then the hadis is fabricated.