Who was Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto? [4]

• founder of pakistan peoples party, PPP.
• finalised the constitution of 1973 for pakistan
• became 4th prez of pakistan
• he recovered 93000 prisoner of wars and 5000sqm territory after the war of 1971

WHY DID ZULFIQAR ALI BHUTTO COME TO POWER? [7]

• After Pakistan's defeat in the 1971 war and loss of East Pakistan (Bangladesh), Yahya Khan was forced to resign in disgrace, creating a power vacuum that Zulfikar Ali Bhutto filled as both civilian leader and President, largely due to his success n the elections of 1970,
• Defeated and disgraced pakistani army wasnt in a position to rule pakistan, hence that gave way for Bhutto to take control, as he was the leader of the Largest voted party of pakistan, PPP. Army was reluctant to take power.
• Bhutto consolidated his power by taking advantage of the weakened and demoralized army after the 1971 defeat, removing uncooperative military leaders like Air Marshal Rahim Khan and General Gul Hasan, and replacing them with loyal officers like General Tikka Khan.

Describe the main features of the 1973 Constitution. [4]

• Established Pakistan as a federal Islamic republic with a parliamentary democracy.
• Two houses: National Assembly (elected for 5 years) and Senate (members elected from all four provinces).
• Declared Islam as the state religion.
• Required the Prime Minister and President to be Muslim.
• Made the President a ceremonial figurehead, with real power vested in the Prime Minister.
• Urdu as the national language.

DOMESTIC POLICIES OF BHUTTO:

CONSTITUTIONAL REFORM:

• The 1973 Constitution established a bicameral parliament and formal parliamentary democracy in Pakistan, providing equal representation to minority provinces in the Senate.
• The constitution gained importance and readily accepted as it was drafted and approved by a democratically elected Assembly, making it more authoritative